[598] The USHMM reports between 77,000 and 99,000 persons were killed at the Jasenovac and Stara Gradika concentration camps. German Federal Archive Spieler, Silke. This was followed by a tedious campaign to clear a peninsula dominating the estuary, and finally, the amphibious assault on Walcheren Island in November. Dtv, Neuauflage 1992. Eng. French losses were 92,000 KIA, 39,600 MIA and over 250,000 WIA. Retrieved 4 March 2016. Bismarck Archipelago: 19,700, 10,800, (30,500) Russian demographer Boris Urlanis estimated Czechoslovak war dead of 340,000 persons, 46,000 military and 294,000 civilians. 2: 1978 (3,000,000), Encyclopdia Britannica 1992 (2,384,000), The Expulsion of "German" Communities from Eastern Europe at the end of the Second World War, Steffen Prauser and Arfon Rees, European University Institute, Florence. The Italian front is considered a separate but related theater. Dutch Military losses in Asia were 2,500 killed in the 1942. To this must be added the 263,000655,000 who died, giving a rough total of 8 million German soldiers having served on the Western Front in 19441945. On 19 August 1942, the Allies began the Dieppe Raid, an attack on Dieppe, France. 41112. (1989); Gerhard Reichling, Die deutschen Vertriebenen in Zahlen, Teil 1, Bonn 1995 (revised ed), Christoph Bergner, Secretary of State of Germany's Bureau for Inner Affairs, outlines the stance of the respective governmental institutions in. No reliable statistics on Albania's wartime losses exist, but the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration reported about 30,000 Albanian war dead. Civilians in Navy service 114,493 killed and 1,880 wounded and missing. Updated February 26, 2010", "Tables "Battle casualties by type of casualty and disposition, type of personnel, and theater: 7 December 1941 31 December 1946" through "Battle casualties by type of casualty and disposition, and duty branch: 7 December 1941 31 December 1946", "American Merchant Marine in World War 2", "The Public Health Service Commissioned Corps | Defense Media Network", "NOAA History /NOAA Legacy/NOAA Corps and the Coast and Geodetic Survey", "G.F. Krivosheev. Military losses with USSR against Japan in the 1939, During World War II Japan occupied Nauru in August 1942 and deported 1,200. [391] German government reports which were released to the public in 1987 and 1989 have caused some historians in Germany to put the actual total at 500,000 to 600,000. A raid on Sark on the night of 3/4 October 1942 is notable because a few days after the incursion the Germans issued a propaganda communiqu implying at least one prisoner had escaped and two were shot while resisting having their hands tied. Andreev, E.M.; Darski, L.E. Bericht des Bundesarchivs vom 28. Presse-und Informationsamt. The annual death rate in 19421945 of Americans interned by Japan was about 3.5%. [89], Military(Norwegian & Allied Forces) 2,000 (800 Army, 900 Navy and 100 Air). pedagog. The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy [citation needed], and Germany. G. The demographic losses due to the reduction of 335,000 births and emigration of about 660,000 are not included with war casualties. Summary report (1947) Estimated that 252,769 Japanese were killed and 298,650 injured in the air war. (1998) A German demographic study estimated 5,500,000 to 6,900,000 war dead. 5-Figures of missing include POWs held by Allies. Really, it is! No sure count of even the prepaid populations existed. Detailed by country: Werner Gruhl estimates the civilian deaths at 20,365,000. The figures for these losses are currently disputed, estimates of the total deaths range from 500,000 to 2,000,000. According to the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare Japanese war dead (193745) totaled 3.1million persons including 2.3million soldiers and Army/Navy civilian employees, 500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 civilians living outside of Japan. [259], Deported to special settlements: (figures are for deportations to Special Settlements only, not including those executed, sent to Gulag labor camps or conscripted into the Soviet Army. Hungarian Jewish losses of 569,000 presented here include the territories annexed in 193941. They listed 210,000 direct war casualties in the Netherlands, not including the. Tokyo, July 1948. p.20, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. Eisei Ishikawa, David L. Swain, Committee for the Compilation of Materials on Damage Caused by the Atomic Bombs in Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Hiroshima and Nagasaki The Physical Medical and Social Effects of the Atomic Bombings, Basic Books, 1981. In 1948 the Netherlands Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS) issued a report of war losses. Stalin began purging the Red Army of its professional and skilled soldiers. Germany (West). 10 Main Campaigns, Locations, And The Deaths of American Soldiers During World War 2 Battle of Normandy (29,204 soldiers), France Battles of the Meuse-Argonne (26,277 soldiers), France Battle of the Bulge (19,276 soldiers), Belgium, Luxembourg, Germany Central Europe Campaign (15,009) Battle of Okinawa (14,000 soldiers), Japan Philippines: 377,500, 121,100, (498,600) 1978), Mikhalev, S. N (2000). The preliminary data for Australian losses included 23,365 killed, 6,030 missing, 39,803 wounded, and 26,363 POWs. Among the Allied powers, the U.S.S.R. suffered the greatest total number of dead: perhaps 18,000,000. They estimated German casualties up until April 30, 1945, at 2,230,324 dead, 2,870,404 missing and POW held by Allies. Facts concerning the problem of the German expellees and refugees, Bonn 1967. Germany (West). Commissariato generale C.G.V. According to the official history of the Italian Army (Rovighi, Alberto (1988), Estimates for total Japanese war dead in 19371945 range from at least 2.5million. On 16 November the Allies started a large scale autumn offensive called Operation Queen. Bob Guercio Eisenhower calmly said "OK. (1.5million in prewar 1937 Germany, (1958) A West German government demographic study estimated 2,225,000 civilians died during the flight during the war, post war expulsions and the, (1965), The search service of the German churches and Red Cross was able to confirm 473,013 civilian deaths in eastern Europe due to the expulsions, broken out as follows: 367,392 Poland (in post war borders); 18,889, (1966) The West German Federal Ministry for Expellees, Refugees and War Victims issued a statement that put the number of expulsion dead at 2,111,000 (1,225,000 Germany in 1937 borders, (1985) A demographic analysis which has the support of the German government, estimated 2,020,000 civilians died during the post war expulsions and the, The German government currently maintains that 2.0million civilians perished in the flight and expulsion from Eastern Europe. [265] However some western scholars estimate the total at between 1.7 and 2.3million.[266]. Toward Peace: War Responsibility, Postwar Compensation, and Peace Movements and Education in Japan. The Germans managed to hold a large bridgehead (the Colmar Pocket), on the western bank of the Rhine and centered around the city of Colmar. "[597] According to the United States Holocaust Memorial Museum "The Croat authorities murdered between 320,000 and 340,000 ethnic Serb residents of Croatia and Bosnia during the period of Ustaa rule; more than 30,000 Croatian Jews were killed either in Croatia or at Auschwitz-Birkenau". : (Human Losses of the USSR during the Second World War: a collection of articles). [147] The culmination of Allied counter-attacks restored the front line to the area of the German border and collapsed the Colmar Pocket. Civilians 7,500 (3,600 Merchant seaman, 1,500 resistance fighters, 1,800 civilians killed and 600 Jews killed)[94] Military Losses by theatre of war: Italy 74,725 (37,573 post armistice); France 2,060 (1,039 post armistice); Vadim Erlikman, a Russian historian, estimates losses of Africans in the, 752 civilians were killed during the U.S. air attacks on. Second phase: July-September 1916 (1950) The West German government made a preliminary estimate of 3.0million civilian deaths in the expulsions. According to the Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare 65,000 soldiers and civilians were killed in the 1945 military campaign against the Soviet Union. Most of the troops were Canadian, with some British contingents and a small American and Free French presence along with British and Polish naval support. Belgian casualties are placed at 7,500 killed or missing, 15,850 wounded, and 200,000 captured. (1947) The combined staff of the U.K., Canada and the U.S. prepared "A study of the employment of German manpower from 19331945". The additions were the annexation of the, Estimates in the west for the population transfers differ. Ministero della Difesa Edizioni 1986 (in Italian). Field Marshal Gerd von Rundstedt requested permission to withdraw east behind the Rhine, arguing that further resistance would only delay the inevitable, but was ordered by Hitler to fight where his forces stood. These figures include Austria and foreign nationals of German ancestry in eastern Europe. Since the collapse of the USSR, Polish scholars have been able to do research in the Soviet archives on Polish losses during the Soviet occupation. 105658, Tables 608-09, Japan Statistical Year-Book, 1949 [etc.]. Vietnamese sources put the number of deaths during the 194445 famine in North Vietnam at between 1 and 2million. The Survey believes the dead at Hiroshima to have been between 70,000 and 80,000, with an equal number injured; at Nagasaki over 35,000 dead and somewhat more than that injured seems the most plausible estimate. 20,400 killed by acts of war, 104,000 Jewish Holocaust dead, 18,000 political prisoners in Germany, 27,000 workers in Germany, During World War II, 14,059 American POWs died in enemy captivity throughout the war (12,935 held by Japan and 1,124 held by Germany). These figures vary because of the shift of borders between 1937 and 1940. They place the ultimate blame for the mass flight and expulsion on the wartime policy of the Nazis in Eastern Europe. The US Seventh Army and the French First Army, making up the US 6th Army Group, rapidly consolidated this beachhead and liberated Southern France in two weeks; they then moved north up the Rhone valley. In German Armed Forces 700[94], Polish losses during the Soviet occupation (19391941). [254] Michael Haynes and Rumy Husun accept the figures from the Soviet archives as being an accurate tally of Stalin's victims, they maintain that the demographic data depicts an underdeveloped Soviet economy and the losses in World War Two rather than indicating a higher death toll in the Gulag labor camps. Italian losses amounted to 1,250 killed or missing, 4,780 wounded, and no information is provided on any who were captured. German efforts to interdict the Allies' trans-Atlantic trade at sea ignited the Battle of the Atlantic. The following notes summarize Soviet casualties, the details are presented in World War II casualties of the Soviet Union. Military figures include battle deaths (KIA) and personnel missing in action (MIA), as well as fatalities due to accidents, disease and deaths of prisoners of war in captivity. I test every recipe I post. These figures are for Germany in 1937 borders, (1956) The West German Statistisches Bundesamt (Federal Statistical Office)estimated total war dead of 5,650,000 = (3,760,000) military; (430,000) civilians killed in bombing raids and the land campaign; (1,260,000) deaths to expulsion from Poland and (200,000) victims of Nazi racial, religious or political persecution. [12] The authors of the Oxford Companion to World War II maintain that "casualty statistics are notoriously unreliable". Wiesbaden, Distribution: F. Steiner, 1961, pp. & Jap. (German government Statistical Office), Statistisches Jahrbuch fr die Bundesrepublik Deutschland 1960 Bonn 1961 p.79 (available online at, German Federal Archive, Siegel, Silke Vertreibung und Vertreibungsverbrechen 19451948. The Western Front of the European Theatre of World War II encompassed Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, and Western Germany. Germany reports. Military war dead reported by Rdiger Overmans of 261,000 are included with Germany. 4-The figures for Army wounded add up to 4,219,211. The OKW retained a substantial reserve of such mobile divisions also, but these were dispersed over a large area: the 1st SS Panzer Division Leibstandarte SS Adolf Hitler was still Netherlands, the 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend and the Panzer-Lehr Division were located in the ParisOrleans area, since the Normandy coastal defence sectors or (Kstenverteitigungsabschnitte KVA) were considered the most likely areas for an invasion. Austrian civilian casualties were 99,700 victims of Nazi persecution and 24,000 killed in Allied air raids. (2005) The German government issued a report listing total war dead of 7,375,800 (3,100,000 soldiers killed; 1,200,000 soldiers missing; 500,000 civilians killed in bombing raids; 2,251,500 civilian victims of expulsions and deportations; 24,300 Austrian civilians killed and 300,000 victims of Nazi racial, religious or political persecution. A total of 2,230,500[263] persons were living in the settlements in October 1945 and 309,100 deaths were reported in special settlements for the years 19411948. French Indochina 2,803 killed and 6,000 wounded. F. Allied bombing of German supply lines caused civilian casualties. Sakhalin, the Aleutian, and Kuril Islands: 8,200, 3,200, (11,400) 3133 (they give figure of 300,000 German deaths due to racial, religious and political persecution including 170,000 Jews. Population Changes in Europe Since 1939, Geneva 1951.p.44-45. Airborne troops would fly in from the United Kingdom and take bridges over the main rivers of the German-occupied Netherlands in three main cities; Eindhoven, Nijmegen, and Arnhem. Some auxiliary and civilian organizations are also accorded war grave status if death occurred under certain specified conditions. WWII: Western Front Worksheets . .: , 1996. 3133. ^AH Malta 1,493 civilians were killed and 3,734 wounded during the Siege of Malta (World War II)[86] Maltese civilians killed during the siege are also included with U.K. civilian deaths by the Commonwealth War Graves Commission. [13] The table below gives data on the number of dead and military wounded for each country, along with population information to show the relative impact of losses. Burma (inc. India): 163,000, 1,500, (164,500) Mai 1974. The most notable of these is the Holocaust in which millions of Jews, Poles, and Romani were systematically murdered or died from abuse and mistreatment. Germany reports. The breakout by service is as follows: Army 234,874. 83,307 dead; 57,258 missing and 118,127 wounded. (1974) The Maschke Commission found that about 1.2million German military personnel reported as missing more than likely died as POWs, including 1.1million in the USSR. [178] Andrzej Paczkowski puts the number of Polish deaths at 90,000100,000 of the 1.0million persons deported and 30,000 executed by the Soviets. : -Human Losses of the USSR in the Period of WWII: Collection of Articles. [9] The People's Republic of China puts its war dead at 20 million,[10] while the Japanese government puts its casualties due to the war at 3.1 million.[11]. Holocaust Encyclopedia "Jehovah's Witnesses", United States Holocaust Memorial Museum's Holocaust Encyclopedia: "Freemasonry Under the Nazi Regime", "United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. [45], This article is about the West European theatre. Germany reports. Two early British raids for which battle honours were awarded were Operation Collar in Boulogne (24 June 1940) and Operation Ambassador in Guernsey (1415 July 1940). [1] World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered under separate headings. Total deaths from 1940 to 1953 due to the war and the Soviet occupation were approximately 83,000 persons (7.3% of the population). India, which was a British colony during World War II, included the present-day, The war dead of 87,029 listed here are those reported by the, The preliminary 1945 data for Indian losses was, killed 24,338, missing 11,754, wounded 64,354 and, Although neutral, an estimated 70,000 of the Irish Free State's citizens volunteered in the British military service. The total still missing on 2/28/1946 were 6,244; Navy (340); Army (2,267); Air Force (3,089); Women's Auxiliary Territorial Service (18); More than half of the total number of casualties are accounted for by the dead of the Republic of China and of the Soviet Union. ; Kharkova, T.L. Ingo Haar, "Hochgerechnetes Unglck, Die Zahl der deutschen Opfer nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg wird bertrieben", Rdiger Overmans- "Personelle Verluste der deutschen Bevlkerung durch Flucht und Vertreibung". Egyptian military casualties were 1,125 killed and 1,308 wounded. Sankt-Peterburg 1995, Edwin Bacon, Glasnost and the Gulag: New information on Soviet forced labour around World WarII. Starting in early September, the Americans began slow and bloody fighting through the Hurtgen Forest ("Passchendaele with tree bursts"Hemingway) to breach the Line. The RAF lost 931 aircraft. While the Western Front remained quiet in April 1940, the fighting between the Allies and the Germans began in earnest with the Norwegian Campaign when the Germans launched Operation Weserbung, the German invasion of Denmark and Norway. [34] By the time they prepared to cross the Rhine in late March, the Western Allies had taken 1,300,000 German soldiers prisoner in western Europe. [nb 13]. Sumatra: 2,700, 500, (3,200) Okinawa: 67,900, 21,500, (89,400) By the summer of 1944, when an expectation of an Allied invasion was freely admitted by German commanders, the disposition of troops facing it came under the command of OB West (HQ in Paris). Of this total 120,000 died and 160,000 were injured in the atomic bombings, leaving 213,000 dead and 313,000 injured by conventional bombing. Presse- und Informationsamt. Dutch Merchant Marine. This would bring the total number of Italian military personnel killed to some 341,000 (excluding colonial troops). Germany (West). Over 11.4 million Soviet civilians within pre-1939 borders were killed, and another estimated 3.5 million civilians were killed in the annexed territories. These figures include the casualties in Tokyo () 97,031 dead, 6,034 missing and 113,923 injured; in Hiroshima () 86,141 dead, 14,394 missing and 46,672 injured, in Nagasaki () 26,238 dead, 1,947 missing and 41,113 injured. Approximately 150,000 Germans were able to escape from the Falaise pocket, but they left behind most of their irreplaceable equipment and 50,000 Germans were killed or taken prisoner. The official Russian figure for total POW held by the Germans is 4,059,000; the number of Soviet, Conscripted reservists is an estimate of men called up, primarily in 1941, who were killed in battle or died as. German Army GroupG surrendered to US forces at Haar, in Bavaria, on 5 May. Dutch casualties are placed at 2,890 killed or missing, 6,900 wounded, with no information provided on those captured. Civilian war dead were approximately 2,100, French military war of 210,000 dead include 150,000 regular forces (193940. The figures for the pre-war Jewish population and deaths in the table below are from The Columbia Guide to the Holocaust. 43,110 Germans killed or missing, 111,640 wounded, no information is provided on any who were captured. With regards to the Partisan casualties, a ministerial study published in 1955 listed the partisans killed or executed as 35,828; however, the, With regards to the Italian Social Republic casualties, the. Rdiger Overmans writes "It seems entirely plausible, while not provable, that one half of the 1.5 million missing on the eastern front were killed in action, the other half (700,000) however in fact died in Soviet custody". B. German forces, under express orders from Hitler, fought with a special vengeance against the Serbs, who were considered Untermensch. universitet, 2000; (Russian Academy of Sciences). By mid-September, the 6th Army Group, advancing from the south, came into contact with Bradley's formations advancing from the west and overall control of Devers' force passed from AFHQ in the Mediterranean so that all three army groups came under Eisenhower's central command at SHAEF (Supreme Headquarters, Allied Expeditionary Forces). Military deaths included: 108 dead in the. Nazi Empire: German colonialism and imperialism from Bismarck to Hitler. With the Luftwaffe unable to defeat the RAF in the Battle of Britain, the invasion of Great Britain could no longer be thought of as an option. Analysen, Grundzge, Forschungsbilanz, Michalka, Wolfgang (Hrsg. It was not possible to predict where the Allies might choose to launch their invasion. [392] English language sources put the death toll at 2 to 3million based on the West German government statistical analysis of the 1950s. Gruhl estimates POW deaths in Japanese captivity at 331,584. p. 30(500,000 civilians in Japan and 300,000 overseas, figures of Japanese Ministry of Health and Welfare), Ishikida, Miki (2005). Independent Russian historian Vadim Erlikman estimated Latvian civilian war dead in 194145 at 220,000 (35,000 in military operations; 110,000 executed, 35,000 in Germany and 40,000 due to hunger and disease. [42] The British and Americans contemplated an airborne operation before the attack. By the time the water had subsided and the US Ninth Army was able to cross the Roer on 23 February, other Allied forces were also close to the Rhine's west bank. Page 202, "The Soviet-German War 19411945: Myths and Realities: A Survey Essay", US Army Battle Casualties and Non-battle Deaths in World War 2: Final Report, "The final stages of the naval war in north-west Europe", "12th Army Group Situation Map for 18 April 1945", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Western_Front_(World_War_II)&oldid=1128633092, Occupation of most of Western and Northern Europe by Axis troops, Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with the, Liberation of occupied countries in Western and Northern Europe, One was an opportunity taken by US forces when the Germans failed to blow up the, In the Allied 6th Army Group area, the US Seventh Army assaulted across the Rhine in the area between, Gootzen, Har and Connor, Kevin (2006). Army GroupG, considering the possibility of an invasion on the Atlantic coast, had dispersed its mobile reserves, locating the 11th Panzer Division in Gironde, the 2nd SS Panzer Division Das Reich refitting around the southern French town of Montauban, and the 9th Panzer Division stationed in the Rhone delta area. Curiously, until the autumn of 1916 German casualties on the Eastern Front in proportion to the number of men were not smaller than in the West despite Russian weakness in artillery and ammunition. The death toll attributable to the flight and expulsions was estimated at 2.2million by the West German government in 1958. Aufl. Polska 19391945. It is said that the Russians could have won the Second World War without any support from the US or Commonwealth forces, above all because of their large quantity of produced T-34 tanks. Ursprnge, Arten und Folgen des Konstrukts "Bevlkerung" vor, im und nach dem "Dritten Reich" Zur Geschichte der deutschen Bevlkerungswissenschaft: Hans Sperling, Die Luftkriegsverluste whrend des zweiten Weltkriegs in Deutschland, Wirtschaft und Statistik October 1956, journal published by Statistisches Bundesamt Deutschland.

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