On August 31, 1988, the flight, operated by a Boeing 727, crashed during takeoff, killing 14 of the 108 people on board, and injuring 76 others. It was delivered to Delta Air Lines in November 1973, and was the 992nd Boeing 727 to be manufactured. [1]:14 Fire erupted in the right wing area and quickly spread and engulfed the rear of the aircraft. Delta has said it will formalize the checklist process with increased emphasis on verbal challenges. Pictures of great freighter aircraft, Government Aircraft Connect with the definitive source for global and local news. The aircraft was powered by three Pratt & Whitney JT8D-15 turbofan engines. Jet fuel was pumped out of the open line at a rate of about 50 gallons (189 liters) per minute. Speaking on state radio Friday, Hungary's Prime Minister Victor Orban said the government would provide assistance to the family of the slain officer. The NTSB examined why the plane was unable to climb once it departed the runway. Some information for this report was provided by the Associated Press, Reuters and Agence France-Presse. [1]:30, Captain Davis, First Officer Kirkland, two cabin crew members, and 22 passengers were seriously injured. The aircraft was powered by three Pratt & Whitney JT8D-15 turbofan engines. The most comprehensive solution to manage all your complex and ever-expanding tax and compliance needs. ., CIVIL AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT, Report on the Accident to Boeing 707-465 G-ARWE at Heathrow Airport, London, on 8th April 1968. Props and jets from the good old days, Flight Decks [1]:30[10] One passenger, who had successfully exited the aircraft, attempted to re-enter the aircraft in order to assist his wife and other passengers still trapped inside;[1]:5 he suffered severe burns and died 11 days after the accident from his injuries. Engine #3 had separated from the empennage. Here's one I remember seeing a few years ago in Canada. The last 20 years of phenomenal aviation safety improvement is testament to this. Dickinson earlier reported on the interview with 1141s flight engineer, Steven Mark Judd, who was released from the hospital Friday. Airport overviews from the air or ground, Tails and Winglets [1][13][14] Init, the NTSB ultimately determined that there were two probable causes for the accident: (1) inadequate cockpit discipline that resulted in the flight crew's failure to extend the aircraft's flaps and slats to proper take-off configuration, and (2) the failure of the plane's TOWS to sound and alert the crew that their plane was not properly configured for takeoff. [1][2][3][4], The aircraft was a Boeing 727-200 Advanced, registration N473DA[5], a three-engine narrow-body jet aircraft. Also in the cockpit wasSupervisory Captain Geoffrey Sidney Moss, who was conducting a periodic flight check of the crew. Her George Cross is on display at British Airways Speedbird Centre, Harmondsworth, Middlesex, England. Once out of the aircraft he was unable to return; hence Miss Harrison was left alone to the task of shepherding passengers to the rear door and helping them out of the aircraft. Passengers reported that the plane appeared to shake violently on takeoff. The wounded officers and the suspect were all transported to a hospital. [1]:73 FAA regulations require a sterile cockpit before takeoff, which means there is to be no conversation unrelated to the aircraft and pending flight. Chief Steward Neville Cearl Davis-Gordon B.E.M. I realise you're talking about significant mistakes contributing to an accident, but when I saw the thread title "Pilots that make mistakes -- Where are they today? Im pretty confident that if Im not reinstated (by Delta), my airline career is ruined, Judd said. ACCIDENTS INVESTIGATION BRANCH, Civil Accident Report No. The crew requested to extend the hold to two minutes which was granted. Class ring returned to Texas woman after missing for decades. Witnesses reported that the plane attempted to climb at a higher than normal angle, and that the plane rolled from side to side and appeared to be out of control. The accident investigation found that the engine had suffered a fatigue failure of the Stage 5 low-pressure compressor wheel. At 08:30, Flight 1141 departed from the gate at DFW and was cleared by the ground controller to taxi to runway 18L. The NTSB also found that the FAA was already aware of deficiencies in Delta's operations regarding flightcrew performance, but that neither Delta nor the FAA had taken sufficient corrective actions to eliminate already known performance deficiencies among Delta flight crews. She gave her life to help others. [1]:14 The aircraft developed compressor surges (due to breakdown of the airflow through the engine), and was unable to gain altitude or maintain stabilized flight. The crew talked to the flight attendants for a while about what they would say on the cockpit recorder in case they crashed. 13 January 2023 Press Release Kirkland Represents Bain Capital Private Equity in Significant Equity Investment in EcoCeres; 13 January 2023 Award Asia-Pacific and Greater China Region's Leading Lawyers for Business 2023; 13 January 2023 Article SEC Enforcement Record Stems From More Penalties, Not More Cases; 12 January 2023 Press Release Kirkland Represents Resonetics on $900 Million . About two and a half minutes later the aircraft made an emergency landing at the airport and the fire on the port wing intensified. The CVR also showed that prior to takeoff, the flight crew was distracted by chatting with a flight attendant about the upcoming presidential election, drink mixes, and various other topics unrelated to the operation of the aircraft. during World War II, and Barbara Jane Harrison. The crash was featured in the third episode of season 18 of Mayday. Jan. 17 (UPI) -- Firefighters in Florida came to the rescue of a seagull spotted entangled in string and dangling from a utility pole. Jan. 17 (UPI) -- Animal rescuers in New Jersey said they are investigating the origins of an unusual non-native animal picked up in Monmouth County: an alligator. Our Standards: The Thomson Reuters Trust Principles. The engine was installed at the Number 2 position on G-ARWE on 5 April 1968, three days before the accident. First Officer Kirkland was badly bruised and sustained a concussion. He flies on a reserve status about 40 hours per week, shuttling cargo or passengers. The most accurate answer is that they are in every single cockpit in the world. #0000ff;"> On April 8th 1968, soon after take-off from Heathrow Airport, No. It takes a series of things to go wrong. Shortly after the accident, Judds commander at the Dallas Naval Air Station in Grand Prairie said he could come back any time, Judd said. in the Queens Birthday Honours for 1969.. He continued flying and after two years he became a captain again Everyone airminded in France knows that Michel Asseline, who was an Air France chief pilot instructor at the beginning of the Airbus A-320 era and PIC in the A-320 that crashed at Mulhouse-Habsheim airfield in June 1988, resumed his career some years after the accident as a Boeing-737 pilot in Australia. Alligator found in vacant lot in New Jersey. The Mk. In July, Delta fired all three members of the flight crew and stands by the decision despite the NTSB finding. [1]:64, The NTSB investigated the relationship between crew performance and the events in the accident. The total flight time was 22 seconds, from liftoff to the first ground impact. Miss Harrison left the Doncaster School in May 1962 to accept employment with the Martins Bank Limited branch office at Baxter Gate, Doncaster. Medical examinations determined that all but one of the fatalities were due to smoke inhalation. She was the second of two daughters of Alan Frederic Harrison, a police officer, and Lena Veronica Adlard Harrison. Sisterships VR-BBW and VR-BBZ were reregistered in the United Kingdom as G-ARWD and G-ARWE. The -420 Internationals were powered by Rolls-Royce Conway Mk. Stewardess Barbara Jane Harrison was among the crew members who helped passengers escape from the burning Boeing 707. Both military and civil versions, Blimps / Airships Witnesses on the ground claimed that one of the engines was on fire, but although the engine was badly crushed from ground impact, there was no sign of fire or heat damage. Inspection revealed a fatigue failure of the Stage 8 high-pressure compressor stage. She was finally overcome while trying to save an elderly cripple who was seated in one of the last rows and whose body was found close to that of the stewardess. Flight Engineer Judd and 49 passengers received minor injuries. When I felt all along that I had done my job.. The fuselage has a maximum diameter of 12 feet, 8.0 inches (3.759 meters). The NTSB attempted to reconstruct the aircraft's performance based on reports from witnesses and survivors. [1]:40 The FAA had recommended that the Boeing 727 TOWS be changed from a system activated by the aircraft throttles to one activated by engine pressure ratio (EPR), and while Delta owned Boeing 727s that had an EPR-activated TOWS, these were all aircraft that Delta had acquired from other airlines, and Delta did not convert its own aircraft to an EPR-activated system. Screen for heightened risk individual and entities globally to help uncover hidden risks in business relationships and human networks. [6][additional citation(s) needed], The flight crew consisted of Captain Larry Lon Davis (age 48), First Officer Carey Wilson Kirkland (37); and Flight Engineer Steven Mark Judd (30). Delta officials quickly reacted to questions about the 727's operating and maintenance condition by pointing out that the original factory engines from 1973 (when the plane was initially purchased by the airline) had been replaced in the last few years by a newer model that ran more quietly and used less fuel. The plane had recorded more than 43,000 flight hours before the crash. While Burnett concurred with the accident report's facts and findings, he believed that the actions of the FAA and Delta were direct causes of the accident and not merely contributing factors. FAA regulations require a sterile cockpit before takeoff, which means there is to be no conversation unrelated to the aircraft and pending flight. As the three officers tried to detain him, the man stabbed them and tried to escape to the street, where a fourth officer shot him in the foot, police said. Kirkland also said he could not account for the fact that the flaps were found to be in a raised position by NTSB investigators. A first officer, also called the co-pilot, is an aviation professional who helps navigate and operate flights. [1]:70 Approximately 900 feet (270m) beyond the end of runway 18L, the plane's right wing hit the ILS localizer antenna, which set the wing on fire and caused it to start disintegrating while the plane was still in flight. [1]:67 The Wednesday morning flight from Jackson to DFW was uneventful, and Flight 1141 arrived at DFW at 07:38 CDT. On April 8th 1968, soon after take-off from Heathrow Airport, No. Dangling seagull rescued from Florida utility pole. On September 26, 1989, the NTSB published its final accident report. Our large helicopter section. She encouraged some passengers to jump from the machine and pushed out others. The usable fuel capacity is 23,820 gallons (90,169 liters). However, while the captain did not actively participate in these nonrelevant conversations, he also failed to stop the first officer's repeated interruptions and conversations with the flight attendant. Jane was educated at the Newby County Primary School, Scarborough High School for Girls and Doncaster High School for Girls. Netflix hiring flight attendant for private jet with compensation up to $385,000. Judd has applied for jobs at other major airlines, but none called him back, he said. Eventually this chat ceased as the crew was cleared for takeoff. One member of the safety board, Jim Burnett, dissented from the NTSB's probable cause statement. The vibrations did not exceed Rolls-Royce limits, though, and the engine was accepted for service. Posted on . Miss Harrison was one of the stewardesses in this aircraft and the duties assigned to her in an emergency were to help the steward at the aft station to open the appropriate rear door and inflate the escape chute and then to assist the passengers at the rear of the aircraft to leave in an orderly manner. All quotes delayed a minimum of 15 minutes. It's a forged-stamped, super-thin 17-4 stainless steel face that is welded onto a 17-4 stainless steel chassis. She encouraged some passengers to jump from the machine and pushed out others. The flight crew consisted of Captain Larry Davis, 48; First Officer Wilson Kirkland, 37; and Flight Engineer Steven Judd, 31. BUDAPEST, Jan 13 (Reuters) - A man injured three police officers in Budapest late on Thursday with a knife, one of whom died in a hospital, police said on Friday with prosecutors stating it was not a terrorist act. The NTSB determined that, if the captain had taken a more active role in managing the cockpit, the accident might have been prevented. She joined the British Overseas Airways Corporation in June 1966. The engines 1-inch-diameter (44.45 millimeters) fuel supply line was severed by flying fragments. Jim Burnett, a member of the NTSB and head of the panel investigating this crash, called the crash 'one of the more baffling in recent years,' and he noted that the jetliner's 'black box' flight data recorder was of an antiquated design. He suffered severe fractures to the rib cage and spine that required surgery. ', 'It is perplexing because of factual inconsistencies found thus far and the importance in the critical need to resolve such very basic differences in the name of safety.' Delta fired Steven Judd and the former Navy pilot says he hasnt been able to get a job with another airline since the crash at Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport. Commercial jetliners have alarm systems that are supposed to warn pilots if the planes critical control devices such as wing flaps are not in the proper position for a takeoff. 44913, at Page 8212, Column 1. For her gallantry in saving the lives of others at the cost of her own, Queen Elizabeth II awarded the George Cross, for acts of the greatest heroism or of the most conspicuous courage in circumstances of extreme danger., CENTRAL CHANCERY OF THE ORDERS OF KNIGHTHOOD. Funerals continued Saturday for victims of the crash. [1]:1416 Passengers reported that the plane appeared to shake violently on takeoff. The exit slide had not deployed correctly and Miss Harrison was encouraging passengers to jump to the runway surface, and in some cases, even pushed them out. Three months later, he accepted. It was last overhauled in March 1965 and had been flown 4,346 hours (TSIO) at the time of the accident. It was delivered to Delta Air Lines in November 1973, and was the 992nd Boeing 727 to be manufactured. Larry Davis and first officer C. Wilson Kirkland resulted in them failing to properly set the wing flaps before takeoff. EW/C/0203, Section 1.1 at Page 3. The board also blamed a faulty takeoff-warning system that would have alerted the crew to the misaligned flaps, which produce added lift during takeoff and landing. While Burnett concurred with the accident report's facts and findings, he believed that the actions of the FAA and Delta were direct causes of the accident and not merely contributing factors. src: www.documentingreality.com Byford Dolphin is a semi-submersible, column-stable drilling rig operated by Dolphin Drilling, a Fred. The flight engineer was Engineer Officer Thomas Charles Hicks. On August 31, 1988, the flight, using a Boeing 727-200 series aircraft, crashed during takeoff, resulting in 14 deaths and 76 injuries of the 108 on board. $0.00. There is even a program for pilots who make mistakes and errors to fess up. They also stated that there were no known mechanical or maintenance problems with the plane prior to the flight. Witnesses on the ground claimed that one of the engines was on fire, but although the engine was badly crushed from ground impact, there was no sign of fire or heat damage. Detroit teenager wins $613,000 jackpot with ticket gifted from friend. James H. Gray, a Delta pilot, said at a pilots' union news conference that the NTSB's list of witnesses and exhibits indicated that 'there is automatic assumption of pilot error. Jan. 17 (UPI) -- A visitor to a McDonald's fast food restaurant in Australia captured video of an unusual sight -- a horse riding in the back seat of a drive-through customer's car. [1]:71Based on the aircraft's failure to climb at takeoff speed, its roll instability, the position of the flap's jackscrews in the fully retracted position,[1]:58 and the absence of sounds indicating the flaps or slats were deployed, the NTSB determined that the plane's failure to climb resulted from the flight crew's failure to deploy the flaps and slats as required by the pre-flight checklist. One simple mistake doesn't cause an airplane crash. VOA News. A captain is first in command (FIC), and a first officer is the second in command (SIC). The Rolls-Royce Conway (R.Co.12) is a two-spool, axial-flow, low-bypass turbofan engine. 0 items. first officer wilson kirklandperiodic 3m system meetings with department heads first officer wilson kirkland. In the US it's called ASAP. [1] Many of the passengers reported that impact forces were not severe and mostly concentrated towards the back of the aircraft. The crew intends to appeal, a process that could take several years. The board also blamed a faulty takeoff-warning system that would have alerted the crew to the misaligned flaps, which produce added lift during takeoff and landing. Photos taken by airborne photographers of airborne aircraft, Special Paint Schemes [1]:102103 The cabin crew consisted of four flight attendants: Dixie Dunn (56); Diana George (40); Rosilyn Marr (43); and Mary O'Neill (57). 8 April 1968: British Overseas Airways Corporation Flight 712, call sign Speedbird 712, a Boeing 707-465 Intercontinental registered G-ARWE, departed London Heathrow for Sydney, Australia, with 116 passengers and 11 crew. Only the outboard flaps had extended. Michigan man's memory lapse leads to twin lottery jackpots. Questions have arisen over whether they were deployed properly and why they were in a retracted position after the crash. May 25 2022. evenflo 1555 replacement parts. Ninety-five people survived when the plane, en route to Salt Lake City, crashed and burst into flames. A seismic policy shift by Japan's central bank is still a matter of when not if, say investors now hunkering down for fresh havoc in bond markets and wild swings in currencies. Of these, 37 were the 707-420 International variant. The FAA had recommended that the Boeing 727 TOWS be changed from a system activated by the aircraft throttles to one activated by engine pressure ratio (EPR), and while Delta owned Boeing 727s which had an EPR-activated TOWS, these were all aircraft which Delta had acquired from other airlines, and Delta did not convert its own aircraft to an EPR-activated system. Incidents with no casualties but with damage to the ac? Leaking jet fuel started a fire that quickly engulfed the fuselage. Based on the aircraft's failure to climb at takeoff speed, its roll instability, and the absence of sounds indicating the flaps or slats were deployed, the NTSB determined that the plane's failure to climb resulted from the flight crew's failure to deploy the flaps and slats as required by the pre-flight checklist. The aircraft was a Boeing 727-200 Advanced, registration N473DA, a three-engine narrow-body jet aircraft. The flight engineer was Engineer Officer Thomas Charles Hicks. The so-called 'foil recorder' has only a small number of built-in sensors to record aircraft performance. Dean previousl src: geotripperimages.com Jamestown is an unrelated community located along Interstate 40 in McKinley County, New Mexico, USA. 2 engine position. I know a captain who made a barrel-roll with a Dornier 328. The three were referring to the crash of a Continental Airlines jet last November. A man died of injuries 11 days later. 'At that point the stick shaker (stall warning) went off. Flight Engineer Judd and 49 passengers received minor injuries; 18 passengers received no injuries. After conducting airplane performance studies, the NTSB determined that the events of Flight 1141 could only be explained by the aircraft attempting to take off without its flaps and slats extended to the proper take-off configuration. The law prohibits the NTSB from generally releasing CVR transcripts or recordings; while an exception permits the NTSB to release transcripts related to a safety investigation, there is no exception permitting the NTSB to release copies of the actual recordings. A spokesman said reporters likely would be briefed on Kirklands statements today at the National Transportation Safety Boards command center at Dallas-Ft. Worth International Airport. There has been a critical error on this website. Air Traffic Control Officer III John Michael Davis M.B.E. About two and a half minutes later the aircraft made an emergency landing at the airport and the fire on the port wing intensified. Fire erupted in the right wing area and quickly spread and engulfed the rear of the aircraft. Approximately 900 feet (270m) beyond the end of runway 18L, the plane's right wing hit the ILS localizer antenna, which set the wing on fire and caused it to start disintegrating while the plane was still in flight. Reuters provides business, financial, national and international news to professionals via desktop terminals, the world's media organizations, industry events and directly to consumers. Some pilots may not want to go back into the cockpit due to fear and mental trauma from their prior acts or cultural pressure to not do so. Everything from the Goodyear blimp to the Zeppelin, Night Photos Budapest chief prosecutor Pal Furcht told a news briefing Friday the attack is not being investigated as a terrorist incident. Miss Barbara Jane HARRISON (deceased), Stewardess, British Overseas Airways Corporation. Larry Davis and first officer C. Wilson Kirkland resulted in them failing to properly set the wing flaps before takeoff. [1]:30 The total flight time was 22 seconds, from liftoff to the first ground impact. The aircraft developed compressor surges (due to breakdown of the airflow through the engine), and was unable to gain altitude or maintain stabilized flight. Australian woman breaks archery world record using her feet. Eventually this chat ceased as the crew was cleared for takeoff. Larry Davis, and co-pilot Wilson Kirkland on July 18 - two months before the safety board issued a final report on the crash that exonerated Judd . Jan. 17 (UPI) -- An Australian contortionist stood on her hands and used her feet to shoot an arrow 59 feet and 11 inches into a target for a Guinness World Record. Jan. 18 (UPI) -- A class ring that went missing decades ago has been returned to its owner. Optimi Health Appoints Chief Science Officer Company welcomes leadership oversight of new product research, formulations & trials May 26, 2021 09:00 ET | Source: Optimi Health Corp. preferred parking dodger stadium. [1]:72 However, while the captain did not actively participate in these nonrelevant conversations, he also failed to stop the first officer's repeated interruptions and conversations with the flight attendant. Whiskey Echo had previously sustained an uncontained turbine blade failure. The aircraft remained airborne for another 400 feet (120m) before it struck the ground, sliding sideways and leaving a trail of wreckage 800 feet (240m) long before finally coming to a rest 3,200 feet (980m) from the end of the runway. Jan. 17 (UPI) -- A Michigan man who couldn't remember if he had already purchased a lottery ticket ended up with two identical tickets -- and won two jackpots. Bear takes a swim in California family's backyard pool. Tulare sheriff said a drug cartel, then backtracks. Delta Air Lines Flight 1141 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight between Dallas/Fort Worth, Texas and Salt Lake City, Utah. The board found that inadequate cockpit discipline by Capt. During followup questioning of Davis, a Delta representative asked the captain, 'Can you be reasonably sure that the flaps were extended?'. Horse spotted riding in the back seat during McDonald's drive-through run. I added full power before I made that call, he said. Fuel continued to burn, and the airliners cabin crew began evacuating passengers. [1]:5 Based on examination of the wreckage, the NTSB determined that collision with the instrument landing system (ILS) localizer antenna array approximately 900 feet (270m) beyond the departure end of the runway 18L led to the breakup of the aircraft. She was finally overcome while trying to save an elderly cripple who was seated in one of the last rows and whose body was found close to that of the stewardess. It was installed on another Boeing 707 and run for 1,415 hours, when it was removed for modification of turbine seals. Friday, 8th August 1969, No. The 707-465 was a variant of the 707-420 series, which was itself a version of the 707-320, with the primary change being the substitution of Rolls-Royce Conway Mk.508 turbofan engines in place of the standard Pratt & Whitney JT3C-6 turbojet engines. It hurt, Judd said. Carey W. Kirkland, Flight 1141s first officer, told the panel he is certain he must have set the flaps properly for takeoff, although said he has trouble recounting many events of the day. Build the strongest argument relying on authoritative content, attorney-editor expertise, and industry defining technology. Access unmatched financial data, news and content in a highly-customised workflow experience on desktop, web and mobile. Tail and Winglet closeups with beautiful airline logos. [1]:93[13][14], On September 26, 1989, the NTSB published its final accident report. [1]:2 The aircraft's tail made contact with the runway briefly, and 650 feet (200m) later, the right wingtip struck the runway. About 30 people in hip boots and bib overalls slogged through ankle-deep mud at the crash site Saturday afternoon, looking for clues to the cause of the crash. Four other passengers also died. Jan. 18 (UPI) -- Netflix wants to hire a flight attendant for one of its private jets, and says pay can reach $385,000, according to a job listing on the streaming service's website. I feel that I do need to say something, that I did my job that day, Judd, 32, said in interviews published Monday. Once out of the aircraft he was unable to return; hence Miss Harrison was left alone to the task of shepherding passengers to the rear door and helping them out of the aircraft. Moderators: richierich, ua900, PanAm_DC10, hOMSaR, Military Aircraft The Boeing 707-420 series airliners were 152 feet, 11 inches (46.609 meters) long, with a wingspan of 142 feet, 5 inches (43.409 meters) and overall height 42 feet, 2 inches (12.852 meters) at its operating empty weight. Beautiful shots taken while the sun is below the horizon, Accidents FILE - Police officers are seen in Budapest, Hungary, Nov. 11, 2020. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panintern Flight_112, https://www.welt.de/print/wams/vermisch Licht.html, http://www.feuerwehr-krummesse.de/einsa kensee.php, http://www.bea.aero/docspa/2009/f-cp090 .01.en.pdf, http://www.nytimes.com/1993/10/14/us/ai hance.html, http://www.avmed.in/2011/02/from-convic le-reborn/, http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/north/fir -1.2605682, https://norj.ca/2014/04/pilots-fired-af ff-course/. When the aircraft landed Miss Harrison and the steward concerned opened the rear galley door and inflated the chute, which unfortunately became twisted on the way down so that the steward had to climb down it to straighten it before it could be used. Decisions can only be made after a proper investigation. Boeing 707 G-ARWE caught fire and subsequently fell from the aircraft, leaving a fierce fire burning at No. The hearings opened a day after Capt. DALLAS (AP) _ The flight engineer on Delta Flight 1141, which crashed on takeoff and killed 14 people in 1988, says he did his job right, and the National Transportation Safety Board agrees. Captain Davis, First Officer Kirkland, two cabin crew members, and 22 passengers were seriously injured. Later she was employed as a nanny in the United States and in Switzerland. The industry leader for online information for tax, accounting and finance professionals. [7], Flight 1141 was a regularly scheduled passenger flight from Jackson Municipal Airport in Jackson, Mississippi, to Salt Lake City International Airport in Salt Lake City, Utah, with an intermediate stop at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW) in North Texas. The crash of Flight 1141/Crash resurrects memories of 1985. [citation needed], The NTSB examined why the plane was unable to climb once it departed the runway. 2 engine of B.O.A.C. The proposed directive, which is expected to go into effect early next year and give airlines another year to comply, would affect about 3,700 large commercial jets, the FAA said.

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